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随笔丨中国制造何以为世界“量体裁衣”_我的网站

一 |       北京8月20日电　题：中国制造何以为世界“量体裁衣”  记者樊宇  近日，广州“智造”的150个建筑模块订单正式落地。这批产品将远渡重洋，在澳大利亚悉尼、墨尔本等城市“安家”，运抵现场后，只需像“搭积木”一般快速拼装。    JERUSALEM -- Since Israel activated the Iron Dome in 2011, the cutting-edge rocket-defense system has intercepted thousands of rockets fired from the Gaza Strip.The system has given residents a sense of security, and Israelis can often be seen watching the projectiles flying through the skies and destroying their targets overhead.But the current war with Hamas might be its stiffest challenge yet.In just two weeks, Hamas has fired 7,000 rockets toward Israel, according to the Israeli military. That is more than any of the previous four wars fought between Israel and Hamas since the militant group seized power in Gaza in 2007. On Oct. 7 alone, the first day of fighting, Hamas launched at least 2,000 rockets, according to data from West Point. Lebanon's Hezbollah has also fired hundreds of rockets along Israel's northern front since the fighting began.Most of the rockets have been intercepted. But some have managed to get through, killing at least 11 people and hitting buildings as far away as Tel Aviv, according to Israeli officials.Here is a look at the accomplishments — and limitations — of the Iron Dome.The Iron Dome is a series of batteries that use radars to detect incoming short-range rockets and intercept them.Each battery has three or four launchers, 20 missiles, and a radar, according to Raytheon, the U.S. defense giant that co-produces the system with Israel's Rafael Defense Systems.Once the radar detects a rocket, the system determines whether the rocket is headed toward a populated area. If so, it launches a missile to intercept and destroy the rocket. If the system determines the rocket is headed to an open area or into the sea, it is allowed to land, thus conserving missiles. According to the military, all interceptions occur in Israeli airspace.The military declined to comment on how many Iron Dome batteries are currently deployed. But as of 2021, Israel had 10 batteries scattered around the country, each able to defend a territory of 60 square miles (155 square kilometers), according to Raytheon. It is roughly 90% effective, according to Rafael.But it can get overwhelmed if a mass barrage of rockets is fired, allowing some to slip through. While it has performed well so far, the risk could be raised if Hezbollah enters the war. Hezbollah has an estimated 150,000 rockets and missiles.Each missile costs an estimated $40,000 to $50,000, according to the Institute for National Security Studies, a Tel Aviv think tank.The U.S. has invested heavily in the system, helping with development costs and replenishing it during times of fighting.President Joe Biden has said he will ask Congress for $14.3 billion in military aid for Israel. The majority of that would help with air and missile defense systems, according to the White House.“We’re surging additional military assistance, including ammunition and interceptors to replenish Iron Dome,” Biden said.___Find more of AP’s coverage at https://apnews.com/hub/israel-hamas-war。从设计研发、智能生产到远洋物流、海外安装，中国模块化建筑直击一些国家建筑工人短缺和建设周期冗长的痛点，在海外市场持续“圈粉”。  无论是在英国仅耗时两周便完成一所养老公寓63个模块的现场吊装，还是在巴布亚新几内亚将84个“巨型快递”组装成一家酒店，都生动展现着中国企业根据不同需求、不同应用场景“量体裁衣”的卓越能力。这样的“适配”，远不止于建筑领域。  在硬件制造端，中国企业展现出极致的“柔性”。面对欧洲罕见高温与老旧建筑无法改造的客观限制，中国家电企业迅速推出免打孔空调，甚至将运输方式从海运切换为中欧班列，及时送去清凉；在日本，比亚迪专门为其市场设计的纯电轻型车“海獭”，从尺寸、续航到场景功能实现全方位本土化，并融入中国电车的智能化优势，发售两周订单即破千辆；在古巴，能源危机下，中国品牌电动三轮车迅速补位，成为当地民众的重要出行工具。  在数字技术端，“中国智造”同样展现出强大的赋能实力。在拉美，搭载智能算法的中国农业无人机化身“空中机器人”，帮助巴西、墨西哥等国农业降本增收；在非洲，创业者与农户依托中国开源大模型，开发出法律文件检索系统与农业管理软件；在中东，中国云服务企业针对当地沙漠气候与产业转型诉求，量身定制绿色数据中心与算力底座，赋能沙特、阿联酋等国的智慧城市建设。《纽约时报》日前刊文说，随着全球用户越发渴求“性能佳、成本低”的系统，中国数字与前沿技术正展现出前所未有的吸引力。  从实体设备到前沿技术，中国企业之所以能深度洞察海外市场需求并作出精准回应，其背后的密码究竟是什么？答案藏在技术迭代、工程转化、系统集成和稳定交付的综合能力里，以及中国深厚的产业体系积淀中。

二 |   在广东东莞长安镇，每分钟195部手机下线，300多家核心配套企业分布在半径30公里内，一个零件从下单到交付最快2小时实现。高度集聚的产业生态以及全链条的配套能力，让中国制造既能大规模标准化生产，又能敏捷响应个性化定制。当许多地方还在探讨“能不能造”时，中国企业的命题早已进化为“如何更好适配”与“多快能够送达”。

三 | 这种将需求风口迅速转化为产品、再将产品快速送达的能力，让中国成为全球产业链中独特的“稳定器”。  企业的敏捷“身段”，转化成宏观外贸数据的强劲脉动。中国制造与全球需求的同频共振，在今年上半年的出口“成绩单”中体现得淋漓尽致：不仅电子元件、电脑零部件等产品实现两位数增长，锂电池、风力发电机组等绿色能源相关产品同样势头迅猛，精准顺应了全球向人工智能、绿色低碳转型的时代浪潮。从智能仿生机器人出口全球90多个国家和地区，到883台电动重卡一次性交付海外，中国制造正以越来越丰富的产品矩阵，深度嵌入越来越多元的全球场景。  以中国之所能，应世界之所需。在超大规模市场中锤炼出的创新力，依托于全产业链协同的高效响应，并通过本土化运营形成共赢纽带——这，就是中国制造走向全球的密码，也是中国能与世界深度链接的根基所在。

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Published on:19:36:45